BioSMART develops a fully integrated, zerowaste biorefinery that converts all lignocellulosic biomass fractions into sustainable aviation and marine fuels, highvalue chemicals, and biomaterials. By combining advanced fermentation, catalytic upgrading, and process intensification, the project increases resource efficiency, lowers environmental impacts, and improves costcompetitiveness, validating its technologies with real TRL5 streams.   

To enable largescale deployment, WP5 provides the systemlevel integration that the broader biobased fuels field currently lacks, uniting feedstock, technical, environmental, economic, and social dimensions into actionable guidance for researchers, industry, and policymakers. It quantifies feedstock supply, models technoeconomic feasibility, evaluates environmental footprints, and assesses social implications, merging all results through multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to determine feasible and scalable deployment paths.  

WP5 includes five core activities: feedstock mobilisation (GIS and MLbased assessments), technoeconomic analysis, environmental LCA, social LCA, and integrated MCDAbased system analysis. Supported by data from pilots, process models, catalyst testing, fermentation runs, market studies, and logistics modelling, WP5 reflects realistic industrial conditions. Led by KIT, it provides essential insights into resource availability, process performance, sustainability, and system integration, forming a central decisionmaking hub that enables BioSMART’s contribution to climatealigned, scalable biobased fuel and material production. 

The IIP work programme consists of five main tasks: 

• Feedstock mobilisation – GIS and machinelearning–based quantification of lignocellulosic biomass potentials, deliveredcost curves, supplyshed definitions, and mobilisation pathways.  
• Technoeconomic assessment – Cost and performance analysis of BioSMART process routes using CAPEX/OPEX modelling, LCOx calculations, scaleup factors, and benchmarking against fossil pathways. 
• Environmental lifecycle assessment  – ISOcompliant cradletogate LCAs covering GHG, energy, water, land, circularity and uncertainty analyses for prioritized TRL5 configurations. 
•  Social implications  – Stakeholder interviews, surveys, and social LCA evaluating regional welfare, job creation, H&S aspects, and acceptance. 
• System analysis via MCDA  – Integration of TEA, LCA, and SLCA results into a decisionsupport tool defining optimal deployment scenarios and guiding process development.